Morocco and the Green Illusion: Can the Kingdom Really Lead Africa’s Energy Future?

Morocco and the Green Illusion: Can the Kingdom Really Lead Africa’s Energy Future?

Morocco loves to present itself as a green pioneer — a model for Africa and the Arab world. Noor Ouarzazate, one of the largest solar power plants in the world, is a symbol of that ambition. The image is powerful: clean energy, modern technology, and global recognition. But behind the spectacle lies a more complex story.

1. The Dream of Energy Independence

For decades, Morocco has relied on imported energy — oil, gas, and coal from abroad. The green transition promised freedom: sun and wind instead of foreign dependence. Yet, despite massive investments, Morocco still imports more than 80% of its energy needs. The renewable sector remains symbolic, not structural.

2. The Cost of the Green Image

Renewable projects are often financed by international loans and partnerships. The technology, expertise, and profits largely flow back to foreign companies. Morocco gains visibility, but not full sovereignty over its energy infrastructure.

3. The Human Dimension

In the south, near Ouarzazate and Tarfaya, local communities rarely see the benefits of these mega-projects. Jobs are temporary, energy prices remain high, and access to electricity hasn’t dramatically improved. “Green” doesn’t always mean “just”.

4. Africa’s Green Leadership — or Green Dependency?

Morocco aims to export electricity to Europe and become Africa’s green hub. But when the export model prioritizes European demand over African needs, one has to ask: is this green leadership or green dependency?

5. The Real Future

True sustainability means democratizing energy — decentralizing production, investing in local expertise, and ensuring that clean energy serves people, not markets. Morocco has the potential to lead, but only if it shifts from image to substance.

Final Thought

The green transition is not a photo opportunity — it’s a political project. Morocco stands at a crossroads: continue polishing its image, or truly transform its economy. The future will depend on which kind of energy it values most — solar power or human power.